Muhammad Yusuf , Athhar Manabi Diansyah , Sahiruddin and Masturi Muhajir
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10 Tamalanrea Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, 90245
*Corresponding author: myusuf@unhas.ac.id
The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of phytogenic extenders in preserving sperm quality and kinematic characteristics during chilled storage. Semen samples collected from Bali bull were diluted using a tris–egg yolk (TEY) extender supplemented with different phytogenic extracts and stored at 5°C for up to five days. Sperm quality parameters, including viability, motility, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, and abnormality, as well as kinematic parameters assessed using a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system, were evaluated at daily intervals. The results showed a progressive decline in all parameters during storage; however, the extent of deterioration varied depending on the phytogenic extender used. The extender derived from Kasumba Turatea demonstrated superior preservation capacity, maintaining higher sperm quality and kinematic values compared to other treatments. In addition to conventional analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) and longevity threshold approaches were applied to provide a more comprehensive evaluation of sperm preservation. The AUC analysis confirmed the higher cumulative performance of the K. Turatea-based extender, while longevity threshold analysis indicated an extended functional lifespan of spermatozoa under this treatment. These findings suggest that the effectiveness of phytogenic extenders is closely related to their antioxidant properties and their ability to stabilize sperm membranes and support cellular metabolism during storage. Overall, the integration of conventional, cumulative, and longevity-based analyses highlights the potential of phytogenic extenders as sustainable and effective alternatives to improve semen preservation and enhance artificial insemination efficiency in livestock production systems.