Sohib Muminov 1,2, Khudaynazar Yunusov 3, Akhtam Nurniyozov 3, Shavkat Shernazarov 3, Suroj Kurbanboev 4, Nilufar ?bdurashidova 5, Umida Bozorova 5, Buston Islamov 2, Farruxjon Xasanov 6, Zarifa Saidmurodova 6, Kurbangul Aytbayeva 7, Kydyrbay Kaipov 7, Nodirjon Bobokandov 4* and Yigitali Tashpulatov 4
1Zarmed University (Samarkand Campus) Samarkand, Uzbekistan; 2Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; 3Samarkand State University of Veterinary Medicine, Livestock and Biotechnologies, Samarkand, 140131, Uzbekistan; 4Samarkand Agroinnovations and Research University 7, Amir Temur, 141001, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; 5Kattakurgan State Pedagogical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; 6Samarkand State Medical University, 140104 Amir Temur Street, 18A Samarkand, Uzbekistan; 7Berdakh Karakalpak State University, Nukus, Uzbekistan
*Corresponding author: nboboqandov@gmail.com
This article comprehensively examines the biomass and productivity of Persicaria amphibia (L.)., a dominant hydrophilic plant widespread in various types of water bodies in the Samarkand region. The study was conducted at sites across the region with diverse hydrological and ecological conditions, including the Taylak, F. Kasimov, Akdarya Reservoir and Zarafshan National Nature Park. These sites differ in water supply levels, water-level stability, water-exchange rates, and substrate composition. P. amphibia (Polygonoideae), an aquatic macrophyte rich in dietary polyphenolics, is used as a traditional remedy and culinary herb. Nevertheless, P. amphibia from the Balkan region has been insufficiently studied and underutilized. Here, the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties of the previously chemically characterized ethanol extract from the aerial parts of P. amphibia were tested. The following methods were carried out: the MTT assay, qRT-PCR, microdilution assay, Chromobacterium violaceum screening assay (monitoring of quorum sensing, QS), and the agar plating method (antifungal activity). The study was conducted to determine the cytotoxic effects of P. amphibia against lung cancer cells (A549) and to assess its combination with the cytostatic doxorubicin (Dox). A dose-dependent decrease in cell viability (up to 82% reduction) and additive interactions of the tested agents were noted. Both alone and in combination with Dox, P. amphibia reduced Nrf2 expression (P < 0.05). In terms of antimicrobial effects, P. amphibia exhibited an antipathogenic effect since it disrupted QS communication, which was evident through the inhibition of violacein production of C. violaceum CV025. The antifungal screening revealed that P. amphibia induced significant growth inhibition of Aspergillus spp. (28.23%). Based on the obtained results, further examination of the potential use of P. amphibia in modern phytotherapy and diet-derived cancer chemoprevention is encouraged.