Okpalaji NC 1, Okonkwo AP 2, JC Okonkwo 1*, Ezenyilimba BN 1, Ejivade OM 1, Okafor EC 1, Ezejesi HC 1 and Nwankwo CA 1
1Department of Animal Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria 2Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Science, College of Animal Science and Animal Production, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria
*Corresponding author: jc.okonkwo@unizik.edu.ng
Common pathogens in poultry industries in Oyi Local Government Area of Anambra State were isolated and characterized using standard methods. Sensitivity test was employed with a view to ascertain the proper control and treatment measures cum drugs for the isolates. A total of 30 fecal samples were collected from three different towns in the area namely Awkwuzu, Nkwelle, and Umunya. Standard microbiological techniques were used for the cultivation of the pathogens, followed by biochemical characterization to ascertain the identity of the pathogens. The identified pathogens include Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., E. coli, Enterococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Staphylococcus spp.. The sensitivity of these isolates to various antibiotics was evaluated using the diffusion method, and the results revealed disparity in resistance patterns. Salmonella spp. and E. coli demonstrated significant resistance to several antibiotics including cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, raising concerns about antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in poultry farming. Sensitivity to alternative drugs like ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin was observed for some pathogens. It could be deduced that the poultry farmers in Oyi Local Government Area of Anambra State lack knowledge on the proper use of antibiotics. The findings further highlight the importance of correct use of antibiotics in poultry farming as substandard application or overuse could lead to bacteria becoming resistant. The study therefore recommends detailing of livestock extension worker to Oyi local government area in order to teach the farmers on the proper ways of application as antibiotics. In addition, herbal alternatives like Moring oleifera, could be used to reduce reliance on antibiotics.