Shafia Tehseen Gul1*, Saqib Mahmood1, Muhammad Bilal1, Muhammad Kashif Saleemi1, Muhammad Imran1 and Muhammad Zubair2
1Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan 2Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Poonch-Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: drshafia66@yahoo.com; dr.shafia.gul@uaf.edu.pk
When an infection, trauma or inflammation occurs due to any reason or disease, it causes acute phase response. A lot of pathophysiological responses occur due to it including pyrexia, pain, leukocytosis, removal of pathogen or causative agent to minimizing the tissue damage and increasing tissue repairing process. Acute phase proteins (APPs) are produced by hepatic or extrahepatic sources. Liver production of acute hepatic protein is regulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Liver produces positive and negative, both types of APPs. The acute phase protein that plays significant role in the activation of almost whole inflammation process and tissue recovery, starting from activation of complement system, binding cellular components, eliminating free radicles, neutralizing enzymes and controlling immune response are positive. APPs also play significant role in the diagnosis of different animals’ diseases like bovine viral diarrhea, tuberculosis, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, mastitis, etc. These diseases are otherwise difficult to diagnose. Thus, APPs play a biomarker role in the early detection of chronic diseases. In this way, it become easy to diagnose and treat these diseases.