Rabia Tahir 1, Abdul Ghaffar 1,*, Ghulam Abbas 2, Tanveer Hussain Turabi 3, Shabana Kusar 4, Xiaoxia Du 5, Samia Naz 6, Habiba Jamil 1, Samra 7, Sana Riaz 1 and Sherein S Abdelgayed 8,*
¹Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan 2Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan 3Department of Forestry and Wildlife, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan 4Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Pakistan 5Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China 6Department of Zoology, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan 7Department of Zoology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan 8Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
*Corresponding author: dr.abdul.ghaffar@iub.edu.pk (AG); sherein.abdelgayed@vet.cu.edu.eg (SSA)
Pesticides are widely used in agricultural advancement sector of entire world for increasing crop yield. However, its exposure is not limited only to target organisms instead it is affecting various non-target organisms among which fish being the most prominent one. In severe cases acute amount of various pesticides caused death of fish while lethal changes observed in case of lower amount of these pesticides. Changes in hematological parameters like red blood cells, white blood cells or plasma and serum level alterations leading to histological changes involving liver, kidneys, gills, muscles, brain, intestine in many species of fish exposed to different pesticides. Moreover, genotoxicity was also observed in many cases induced by different categories of pesticides. Extensive and continuous usage of these toxicants affecting the aquatic systems at severe level as a result getting bio-accumulated in food chain. This article emphasized over the pesticidal induced hematological and serum level alterations observed in fish.